| Abstract | U istraživanju su korišteni uzorci (N = 84) litij-disilikatne staklokeramike ojačane cirkonijdioksidom dimenzija 18 mm x 12 mm x 2 mm. Ovisno o postupku pripreme površine, uzorci su raspoređeni u šest skupina: prva kontrolna skupina u kojoj uzorci nisu tretirani, druga tretirana 9,5-postotnom fluorovodičnom kiselinom, treća tretirana silanom, četvrta fluorovodičnom kiselinom i silanom, peta pjeskarenjem i silanom, šesta Nd:YAG laserom i silanom te sedma Er:YAG laserom i silanom.
Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati utjecaj zračenja Er:YAG i Nd:YAG lasera na veznu čvrstoću između dentalne litij-disilikatne staklokeramike ojačane cirkonij-dioksidom (Vita Suprinity) i samojetkajućeg kompozitnog cementa (Relyx, 3M ESPE) i usporediti veznu čvrstoću s konvencionalnim protokolima pripreme keramičke površine prije cementiranja (jetkanje fluorovodičnom kiselinom, pjeskarenje, silanizacija). Nakon tretiranja površine, dio uzorka iz svake skupine podvrgnut je SEM analizi (topografska arhitektura), XRD analizi (mineralni sastav) i EDX analizi (kemijski sastav). Uzorci su podvrgnuti ispitivanju vezne čvrstoće samoadherirajućeg kompozitnog cementa (RelyX, 3M) na površinu keramičkih diskova testom smične sile. Hrapavost površine uzoraka unutar skupine izmjerena je profilometrom, dok je analiza loma rađena stereomikroskopom. Analiza dobivenih rezultata napravljena je s pomoću statističkog paketa SAS na Windows platformi (ANOVA test, Shapiro-Wilkov test, Leveneov
test, Tukeyjev test i Fisherov egzaktni test). Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da je najbolja vezna čvrstoća dobivena kod uzoraka koji su pripremljeni protokolom obrade površine Nd:YAG laserom plus silanizacija. Mikromorfološkom analizom površine uočeno je da ti uzorci pokazuju povećanu kontaktnu površinu u usporedbi s ostalim protokolima pripreme površine. Površinska hrapavost najveća je kod uzoraka tretiranih pjeskarenjem plus silanizacija. Adhezivni lom najveći je kod uzoraka tretiranih pjeskarenjem plus silanizacijom, dok je kohezivan lom isti kod uzoraka tretiranih kiselinom, pjeskarenjem plus silanizacijom te Nd:YAG laserom plus silanizacijom, dok u ostalim uzorcima nije došlo do ovog tipa loma. Unutar ograničenosti in vitro studije može se zaključiti da je Nd:YAG laser korisno sredstvo u ostvarivanju bolje vezne čvrstoće između staklokeramike ojačane ZrO2 i kompozitnog cementa. |
| Abstract (english) | Aim: Examining the influence of Er:YAG and Nd:YAG irradiation on the bond strength between zirconium reinforced lithium disilicate (Vita Suprinity) and self-adhesive resin cement (RelyX, 3M, ESPE) and compare it to a conventional protocol of ceramic surface treatment (hydrofluoric acid, silane, sandblasting). Materials and methods: Eighty-four zirconium reinforced lithium disilicate disc Vita suprinity (Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany) dimension 18 mm x 12 mm x 2 mm specimens were fabricated according to the manufacturer's recommendation. The specimens were embedded in acrylic resin blocks. All specimens were grounded on wet 600-grit silicon carbide paper to obtain a flat smooth surface and immediately immersed in distilled water. The samples were divided by surface treatments in 7 groups with 12 specimens each: control group in which discs were just polished, 9,5% hydrofluoric acid treatment group, silane treatment group,
combination of 9,5% hydrofluoric acid and silane treatment group, combination of sandblasting and silane treatment group, Er:YAG laser and silane treatment group, Nd:YAG laser and silane treatment group. The influence of the laser irradiation on a surface of the zirconium reinforced lithium disilicate were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX), and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and a comparison between conventional methods
is going to be made (hydrofluoric acid, silane, sandblasting). Before the adhesive cementation, surface roughness was examined by a profilometer analysis in each group and the rest of the specimens in each group were prepared for the shear bond test between self-adhesive resin cement (RelyX, 3M ESPE) and zirconia reinforced lithium disilicate (Vita Suprinity) which is an important parameter for bond strength quality between materials. The results were analyzed with statistical software SAS on Windows operating system, (ANOVA test, Shapiro-Wilk test, Levene’s test, Tukey’s test, and Fisher’s exact test). Results: The results of the research indicate that the best bond strength was achieved in the samples prepared by the Nd:YAG laser surface treatment protocol plus silanization. Micromorphological analysis of the surface showed that these samples displayed an increased contact area compared to the other surface preparation protocols. Surface roughness is greatest in samples treated by sandblasting plus silanization. Adhesive fracture is highest in samples
treated by sandblasting plus silanization, while the cohesive fracture is the same in samples treated with acid, sandblasting plus silanization, and Nd:YAG laser plus silanization, while in other samples this type of fracture did not occur.
Conclusion: Within the limitations of the in vitro study, it can be concluded that the Nd:YAG laser is a useful tool in achieving better bond strength between ZrO2-reinforced glass-ceramics and composite cement. |
