Oralno kirurški zahvati kod djece

master's thesis

• Title (english): SURGICAL PROCEDURES IN PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY
• Author: Boris Gračan
• Mentor: Hrvoje Jurić (mentor)
• Committee member: Hrvoje Jurić
• Committee member: Martina Majstorović
• Committee member: Tihomir Kuna
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Dental Medicine; (Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015-07-14, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Dental Medicine; Children's and Preventive Dental Medicine

Abstract

Oralno kirurški zahvati kod djece su jedinstveni, jer su vezani uz određen uzrast i po mnogo čemu se razlikuju od zahvata kod odraslih pacijenata. Dječji uzrast karakteriziraju mnoge anatomske, morfološke i histološke specifičnosti kao što je građa kosti, resorbirani korijenovi mliječnih zuba, pojava prekobrojnih zuba, te neke anomalije mekih tkiva. Od velike je važnosti suradnja djeteta, odnosno liječnikov pristup djetetu, gdje se od stomatologa očekuje poznavanje i primjenjivanje mnogih bihevioralnih tehnika obuzdavanja. Sami zahvati se mogu obaviti konvencionalnim tehnikama, ali i modernijim metodama, korištenjem termokautera ili lasera. Najčešći oralno kirurški zahvat je ekstrakcija zuba tijekom kojeg se odgovarajućim pokretima kidaju vlakna periodontalnog ligamenta i širi alveola kako bi se zub izvukao u cjelini. Osnovni instrumenti koji se koriste su kliješta i poluge. Česta pojava kod djece su prekobrojni zubi, najčešće je to meziodens, a njihova dijagnoza se postavlja kliničkim pregledom i obavezno radiološkom snimkom. Potrebno je biti jako oprezan pri uklanjanju prekobrojnih zubi kako se ne bi izvadio krivi trajni zub. Kao posljedica neliječenog karijesa često nastaju akutne odontogene infekcije. Primarna terapija je ekstrakcija zuba uzročnika, incizija apscesa i drenaža, a sekundarna je primjena antibiotika. Pri obavljanju zahvata može doći i do određenih komplikacija, od kojih su sinkopa i postoperativna bol najčešće, a krvarenje i anafilaktični šok najopasnije. Nakon svakog oralno kirurškog zahvata pacijent dobiva specifične postoperativne upute.

Abstract (english)

Surgical procedures in pediatric dentistry are unique, as they are related to a certain age and they are in many ways different from those in adult patients. Children’s age is characterized by many anatomical, morphological and histological specifics. Some of those are bone structure, root resorption of deciduous teeth, supernumerary teeth, and soft tissue anomalies. It is of critical importance that the doctor of dental medicine is familiar with several behavioral techniques to restrain a child during surgery. Procedures themselves can be done by both conventional techniques and more modern methods, by using hot knife thermocutter or laser. The most common oral surgery procedure is tooth extraction during which the adequate movements tear the fibers of the periodontal ligament and the alveolus spreads so the tooth can be pulled out as a whole. The main instruments used are the forceps and luxators. Supernumerary teeth frequently occur in children’s age (the most common being mesiodens), and they are diagnosed clinically and by X-ray. Furthermore, it is necessary to be very careful when removing a supernumerary tooth in order not to extract a wrong permanent tooth. Acute odontogenic infections often occur as a result of untreated caries. The primary therapy is tooth extraction, abscess incision and drainage, and the secondary is the usage of antibiotics. Certain complications can happen while performing the procedure, of which syncope and postoperative pain are the most common, but bleeding and anaphylactic shock are more dangerous. After each surgical procedure, the patient receives specific postoperative instructions.

• Keywords: pedodoncija; oralna kirurgija
• Keywords (english): pedodontics; oral surgery
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:127:593619
• Study programme: Title: dental medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine (doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2016-04-01 11:03:31