Prikaz patologije čeljusti na ortopantomogramu

master's thesis

• Title (english): Display of jaw pathology on orthopantomograph
• Author: Sara Rogić
• Mentor: Dijana Zadravec (mentor)
• Committee member: Dijana Zadravec (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tomislav Badel (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marko Granić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Dental Medicine; (Chair of General and Dental Radiology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-09-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Dental Medicine

Abstract

Ortopantomografska snimka služi kao bazična snimka za dijagnostiku postojanja periapikalnih upalnih procesa, dijagnostiku tumora i cista čeljusti, patologije temporomandibularnog područja te ostalih deformacija. U današnje vrijeme analogni ortopantomogram sve češće biva zamijenjen digitalnim ortopantomogramom čija je prednost mogućnost obrade i dorade snimki na ekranu, a time i bolji prikaz detalja.Ciste čeljusti su najčešće asimptomatske tvorbe koje se na radiografskom zapisu prikazuju kao unilokularne ili multilokularne transparencije različite veličine i oštro ocrtanih kontura.Od tumora čeljusti javljaju se odontogeni tumori, neodontogeni tumori te gigantocelularne promjene čeljusti. Diferencijalna dijagnostika navednih promjena čeljusti je zahtjevna i često se tumor teško razlikuje od ciste pa se konačna dijagnoza postavlja tek nakon dodatnih radioloških dijagnostičkih metoda i patohistološke dijagnostike.Ortopantomogram se kao konvencionalna radiološka dijagnostika može koristiti za prikaz prijeloma, i to prije svega za prikaz frakturnih pukotina prijeloma mandibule. Radiološkom snimkom uočava se transparencija koja odgovara prekidu koštanog kontinuiteta mandibule.Budući da je alveolarna kost dio koštanog sustava i sudjeluje u homeostazi minerala, na čeljustima se često primjećuju promjene kod sistemskih bolesti u kojima postoje hormonski disbalansi i poremećaji koštanog metabolizma. Promjene su vidljive i kod dugotrajnog liječenja sistemskim kortikosteroidnim lijekovima te kod promjena u koncentraciji estrogenih hormona u krvi.

Abstract (english)

Orthopantomographic dental X-ray is often used to provide basic information on the existence of periapical inflammatory lesions, diagnostics of tumours and cysts of the jaw, pathology of temporomandibular area and other deformations. Today, dental X-ray radiology is moving from film technology to digital X-ray technology which has advantages such as the ability to enhance images on screen and, because of that, better display of details.Cysts of the jaws are most often asymptomatic formations which appear on dental radiographic images as unilocular or multilocular transparencies of different sizes and sharp borders.Of tumours that appear in the jaws, we differentiate between odontogenic tumours, non-odontogenic tumours and giant cell lesions of the jaw. Differential diagnosis of such lesions is very demanding and it is often hard to differentiate tumour from the cyst so the final diagnosis is set after additional diagnostic methods and pathohistological diagnosis.
Orthopantomograph as the conventional radiographic image can also be used to diagnose fractures, especially mandibular fractures and display of fracture fragments. On X-ray we perceive the loss of mandibular bone continuity.The alveolar bones of maxilla and mandible are part of general skeletal system and they contribute to mineral homeostasis so the changes in the structure of the bone become noticeable when diseases like hormonal imbalance or bone metabolism disorders appear. The changes are also noticed in patients who use long term systemic corticosteroid therapy and in patients with changes in the concentration of estrogenic hormones in the blood.

• Keywords: panoramska radiografija; čeljust
• Keywords (english): panoramic radiography; jaw
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:127:643487
• Study programme: Title: Dental medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine (doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2016-11-02 13:58:59