Dijagnostika karcinoma usne šupljine

master's thesis

• Title (english): Oral cancer diagnostics
• Author: Lovro Holjevac
• Mentor: Ivan Salarić (mentor)
• Committee member: Ivan Salarić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Josip Biočić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Berislav Perić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Dental Medicine; (Department of Oral Surgery); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-21, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Dental Medicine; Oral Surgery

Abstract

Karcinom usne šupljine globalni je zdravstveni problem s petogodišnjim preživljenjem od oko 50%. Glavni uzročni čimbenici u nastajanju su alkohol i duhan. Godišnje se otkrije oko 300 000 slučajeva karcinoma usne šupljine (muškarci : žene = 2 : 1), a najčešća pojavnost je u Indiji (77 000 oboljelih), Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama (26 000 oboljelih), Kini (21 000 oboljelih),
Pakistanu (13 000 oboljelih) i Bangladešu (10 000 oboljelih). Učestalost karcinoma usne šupljine raste s dobi te se 95% slučajeva pojavljuje u starijih od 40 godina, a prosječna dob kada se karcinom dijagnosticira je tek oko 60 godina. Ako se u obzir uzme i da su ljudi, ali nažalost i neki liječnici, slabo upućeni u mehanizam nastajanja karcinoma usne šupljine i komplikacija koje
uzrokuje, nije toliko frapantno da se ovaj karcinom najčešće otkriva u kasnijoj fazi. Razlog zašto se karcinom usne šupljine rijetko dijagnosticira u ranom stadiju je njegova asimptomatska klinička slika te se otkrivanjem karcinoma u ovom stadiju liječenje provodi uspješnije. Uznapredovali karcinom je onaj koji uzrokuje brojne simptome i otežava život pojedinca te zahtjeva agresivnije liječenje. Osim osnovne dijagnostike, u ovom radu bit će govora o drugim potencijalnim dijagnostičkim alatima, s posebnim naglaskom na salivarnu dijagnostiku i njezinoj potencijalnoj ulozi u ranom otkrivanju karcinoma usne šupljine. Salivarna dijagnostika je grana molekularne dijagnostike koja obuhvaća salivarnu metabolomiku, proteomiku i transkriptomiku.
Sve je veći broj istraživanja u dostupnoj literaturi metodološki baziranih na salivarnoj dijagnostici što je pokazatelj napretka tehnologije, ali i sve boljeg razumijevanja određenih bolesti i poremećaja.

Abstract (english)

Oral cancer is a global health problem with a five – year survival rate of 50%. The main risk factors are alcohol and tobacco. About 300 000 patients are diagnosed with oral cancer annually (men : women = 2 : 1). This type of cancer is reported to develop mostly in India (77 000 patients), the United States (26 000 patients), China (21 000 patients), Pakistan (13 000 patients) and Bangladesh (10 000 patients). The risk of oral cancers increases with age. 95% of all oral cancers appear after age 40 years, while the average age at diagnosis is 60 years. Considering the fact that most people, but unfortunately some doctors, don’t know that much about the cancer development mechanism and the complications it may cause, it is not that stunning that oral cancer is most often diagnosed at his later stage. The reason why oral cancer is rarely diagnosed
at an early stage is his asymptomatic nature. By detecting oral cancer at early stage, it increases the chances for successful treatment. In his later stages, oral cancer causes numerous symptoms which affect patients’ life quality and also requires more aggressive treatment. Besides basics of diagnostics, in this paper there will be parts about other potential diagnostic methods, with emphasis on salivary diagnostics used for early detection of oral cancer. Salivary diagnostics is a
branch of molecular diagnostics and is divided into salivary metabolomics, proteomics and transcriptomics. There is an increasing number of researches in available literature methodologically based on salivary diagnostics, which is an indicator of advances in technology, but also of a better understanding of certain diseases and disorders.

• Keywords: oralne neoplazme; oralna dijagnostika; *slina
• Keywords (english): Mouth Neoplasms; Oral Diagnosis; Saliva
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:127:662277
• Study programme: Title: dental medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine (doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-10-08 08:30:55