Odontogene upale maksilofacijalne regije

master's thesis

• Title (english): Odontogenic infections of the maxillofacial region
• Author: Maja Krmpotić
• Mentor: Predrag Knežević (mentor)
• Committee member: Predrag Knežević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Božidar Pavelić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Davor Brajdić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Dental Medicine; (Department of Oral Surgery); (Chair of Maxillofacial Surgery); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-07-10, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Dental Medicine; Oral Surgery

Abstract

Odontogena upala predstavlja infekciju čiji je uzročnik zub. Najčešće nastaje kao posljedica
zubnog karijesa, traume zuba, parodontnih džepova ili perikoronitisa. Prodorom
mikroorganizama u periapikalno tkivo nastaje upalna reakcija koja može biti akutna, subakutna
ili kronična ovisno o općim i lokalnim čimbenicima. Poremeti li se ravnoteža između
imunološkog sustava domaćina i stupnja patogenosti bakterija u korist mikrorganizama, dolazi
do širenja odontogene upale. Upalni proces iz periapikalne regije može se proširiti, obično kroz
bližu i tanju koštanu stijenku, perforirati periost i dospjeti u meka tkiva. Lokalizacije upalnog
procesa u mekom tkivu i kasniji putevi širenja ovise o anatomskoj poziciji mišića i fascija glave
i vrata pa apscesi mogu nastati intraoralno ili ekstraoralno. Klinički se očituju tipičnim
simptomima upale (tumor, dolor, calor, rubor, functio laesa), a zbog blizine žvačne muskulature
slabije ili jače izraženim trizmusom te limfadenopatijom. U težim slučajevima, nakon uspostave
anatomske komunikacije između sekundarnih prostora i udaljenih regija, mogu se javiti
komplikacije praćene općim simptomima. Terapija odontogene infekcije uključuje uklanjanje
uzroka, osiguravanje drenaže gnojnog sadržaja i upotrebu antibiotika te primjenu dodatnih
mjera kao što su hidratacija organizma ili analgetici po potrebi. Od antibiotika empirijski se
ordinira amoksicilin s klavulanskom kiselinom, a ukoliko u sljedeća dva dana ne dođe do
poboljšanja, uključuje se i metronidazol u antimikrobnu terapiju.

Abstract (english)

Odontogenic infection is an infection caused by a tooth. It most often occurs as a result of dental
caries, tooth trauma, periodontal disease or pericoronitis. The penetration of microorganisms
into the periapical tissue causes an inflammatory reaction that can be acute, subacute or chronic,
depending on general and local factors. If the balance between the host's immune system and
the degree of pathogenicity of bacteria is disturbed in favour of microorganisms, odontogenic
infection starts spreading. The inflammatory process can spread from the periapical region,
usually through the closer and thinner bone wall, perforate the periosteum, and reach the soft
tissues. The localizations of the inflammatory process in the soft tissue and later routes of spread
depend on the anatomical position of the muscles and fascia of the head and neck, so abscesses
can occur intraorally or extraorally. They are clinically manifested by typical symptoms of
infection (tumor, dolor, calor, rubor, functio laesa), due to the proximity of the masticatory
muscles with less or more pronounced trismus and lymphadenopathy. In severe cases, after the
establishment of anatomical communication between secondary spaces and distant regions,
complications accompanied by general symptoms may occur. The treatment of odontogenic
infection includes the removal of the cause, drainage of the purulent contents and the use of
antibiotics, and the application of additional measures such as hydration of the body or
analgesics, if necessary. Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid is empirically administered as an
antibiotic, and if there is no improvement in the next two days, metronidazole is included in
antimicrobial therapy.

• Keywords: oralnokirurški postupci; periapeksni apsces; odontogena upala; antibiotici
• Keywords (english): Oral Surgical Proceduress; Periapical Abscess; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Odontogenic Inflammation
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:127:776015
• Study programme: Title: dental medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine (doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-01-20 12:15:55