Patogeneza i patologija primarnog apikalnog parodontitisa

master's thesis

• Title (english): Pathogenesis and pathobiology of primary apical periodontitis
• Author: Ana Zrna
• Mentor: Ana Ivanišević (mentor)
• Committee member: Ana Ivanišević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Eva Klarić Sever (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Anja Baraba (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Dental Medicine; (Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-26, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Dental Medicine; Endodonics and Restorative Dentistry

Abstract

Apikalni parodontitis upalna je bolest periradikularnog tkiva uzrokovana mikrobnom infekcijom endodontskog prostora, nakon nekroze zubne pulpe.
Nekrotičnu pulpu koloniziraju mikrobiološki uzročnici, najčešće bakterije, koje egzistiraju kao planktonske stanice u fluidnoj fazi, kao agregati i koagregati te u formi biofilma.
Upala u periapeksu predstavlja obranu organizma od prodiranja patogena i toksina u organizam. Razumijevanje čimbenika uzročnika (mikroorganizama) i domaćina vrlo je važno za kvalitetno postupanje u kliničkom zbrinjavanju pacijenata s apikalnim parodontitisom.
Klasični postupci kultivacije mikroorganizama kao i suvremeni postupci molekularne medicine omogućili su identifikaciju brojnih bakterijskih vrsta povezanih s razvojem kliničke slike apikalnog parodontitisa. Primarni apikalni parodontitis (osim ako nije uzrokovan neinfektivnim iritansom) karakterizira polimikrobna flora u pulpnom prostoru dok je za perzistentni apikalni parodontitis karakteristična infekcija manjim brojem mikroorganizama. Najčešći patogeni povezani s primarnim parodontitisom su Prevotella i Porphyromonas genera, Tannerella forsythia, Dialister species, Fusobacterium, Spirochetes te gram pozitivni anaerobni štapići poput Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus, Filifactor alocis, Actinomyces spp., Propionibacterium propionicum. Mikroorganizmi u habitatu nekrotične pulpe najčešće stvaraju biofilmove što omogućava njihovo sinergističko djelovanje i zahtijeva temeljit pristup kod kemomehaničke obrade inficiranog prostora s ciljem uspješne endodontske terapije i cijeljenja periapikalne lezije.

Abstract (english)

Apical periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of periradicular tissues caused by microbial infection of the endodontic space, after necrosis of the dental pulp.
Necrotic pulp is colonized by microbial agents, most commonly bacteria, which exist as planktonic cells in the fluid phase, as aggregates and coaggregates, and in the form of biofilms.
Inflammation in the periapex is a defense of the body against the penetration of pathogens and toxins into the body. Understanding the causative factors (microorganisms) and the host is very important for quality treatment in the clinical care of patients with apical periodontitis.
The classical methods of cultivation of microorganisms as well as modern methods of molecular medicine have enabled the identification of numerous bacterial species associated with the development of the clinical picture of apical periodontitis. Primary apical periodontitis (unless caused by non-infectious irritation) is characterized by polymicrobial flora in the pulp space, while persistent apical periodontitis is characterized by infection with fewer microorganisms. The most common pathogens associated with primary periodontitis are Prevotella and Porphyromonas genera, Tannerella forsythia, Dialister species, Fusobacterium, Spirochetes, and gram positive anaerobic rods such as Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus, Filifactor alocis, Actinomyces spp., Propionibacterium propionicum. Microorganisms in the necrotic pulp habitat most often create biofilms, which enables their synergistic activity and requires a thorough approach in the chemomechanical treatment of the infected area with the aim of successful endodontic therapy and healing of the periapical lesion.

• Keywords: mikroorganizmi; apikalni parodontitis; nekroza
• Keywords (english): microorganisms; apical periodontitis; necrosis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:127:825629
• Study programme: Title: dental medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine (doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-01-21 10:37:53