Estetska stomatološka rješenja kod diskoloracije gornjih prednjih zubi

master's thesis

• Title (english): AESTHETIC DENTISTRY SOLUTIONS FOR UPPER FRONT TEETH DISCOLORATION
• Author: Marina Anić
• Mentor: Dubravka Knezović-Zlatarić (mentor)
• Committee member: Iva Alajbeg
• Committee member: Silvana Jukić Krmek
• Committee member: Dubravka Knezović-Zlatarić
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Dental Medicine; (Department of Removable Prosthodontics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015-07-09, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Dental Medicine; Prosthetic Dentistry

Abstract

Obojenja zuba ili diskoloracije označavaju promjenu boje jednoga ili više zubi, i mogu se podijeliti u unutarnja, vanjska i kombinirana. One vrste obojenja koje nastaju unutarnjom ugradnjom u zubnu strukturu i ne mogu se ukloniti jednostavnim površinskim postupcima poliranja nazivaju se unutarnjima. Ukoliko se ugradnja odvija tijekom odontogeneze obojenja se nazivaju preeruptivnim, a nakon odontogeneze posteruptivnim unutarnjim obojenjem. One pak vrste obojenja koje nastaju nakupljanjem i taloženjem tvari na površinu zuba nazivaju se vanjskim.
Pigmenti na površini zuba se talože iz konzumirane hrane i napitaka (kava, čaj, crno vino), nepodesnih navika (pušenje) ili nedostatnog održavanja oralne higijene (kromogene bakterije). Uklanjanje ovih pigmenata se obavlja u stomatološkoj ordinaciji ultrazvučnim čistačem, pjeskarenjem i poliranjem zubi rotirajućim instrumentima, te sredstvima za poliranje.
Druga vrsta pigmenata se nalazi unutar strukture zuba i na nju se ne može djelovati čišćenjem i poliranjem zubi. Pritom mogu biti zahvaćeni svi ili samo pojedini zubi. Ukoliko se radi o pojedinom zubu, najčešći je uzrok gubitak vitaliteta. Diskoloracija nastaje usljed dezintegracije zubne pulpe koja sadržava proteine i hemoglobin. Njihovom razgradnjom nastaje sivo – crna amorfna masa koja se ugrađuje u tvrda zubna tkiva. Intenzitet diskoloracije ovisi o proteku vremena, odnosno pravovremenom endodontskom tretmanu.
Diskoloracija svih zubi može biti uzrokovana genetskim čimbenicima, lijekovima ili promjenama unutar strukture zuba koje nastaju, odnosno povećavaju se sa životnom dobi.
Pravilna terapija sa zadovoljavajućim ishodom podrazumijeva prethodno ispravno postavljenu dijagnozu na temelju poznavanja mehanizma nastanka i kliničkog izgleda različitih tipova zubnih diskoloracija. Cilj terapije je u potpunosti ukloniti ili kod težih oblika umanjiti stupanj diskoloracije, te zube promijenjene boje uskladiti s bojom susjednih zubi. Terapiju provodimo u konzultaciji s pacijentom, ovisno o vrsti diskoloracije, sve u cilju zadovoljavanja estetskih kriterija, jer osim funkcionalnosti danas je estetika zuba i zubnih nadomjestaka postala prioritet kod pacijenata i taj aspekt se nikako ne smije zanemariti.

Abstract (english)

Discoloration mean the change in color of one or more teeth and they can be divided by internal, external and combined discolorations. Those discolorations that are arised by internal factors and cannot be removed by simple polishing procedures are called intrinsic discolorations. If the incorporation is taking place during the odontogenesis, discolorations are called preeruptive, and after odontogenesis they are called posteruptive intrinsic tooth discolorations. Those dicolorations that are formed by accumulation and deposition of substances on the tooth surface are called external discolorations.
Pigmentations on the teeth surface are accumulated consuming food and drinks (coffee, tea, red wine), habits (smoking) or bad oral hygiene (chromogen bacterias). Removing those pigmentations is done in a dental clinic with dental scaler and polishing with rotate instruments.
Other type of pigmentation can be can found within the structure of the teeth and those pigmentations can not be treated by cleaning and teeth polishing. Discolored can be one or more teeth. If it is a single tooth in case the most common factor is a loss of vitality. Discoloration is caused by disintegration of pulp that contains proteins and hemoglobin. Their decomposition occurs gray - black amorphous mass that is buil into the hard dental tissue. The intensity of the discoloration depends on the passage of time, and timely endodontic treatment. Discoloration of teeth can be caused by genetic factors, medications or changes in the structure of teeth that occur, or increase with age.
Proper therapy with satisfactory outcome implies previously correctly diagnosed on the basis of the mechanism of occurrence and clinical appearance of different types of tooth discoloration. The goal of treatment is to completely remove or in severe cases to reduce the degree of discoloration, and discolored teeth to the color of adjacent teeth. Therapy implemented in consultation with the patient, depending on the type of discoloration, in order to meet the aesthetic criteria, because in addition to the functionality of today's aesthetics teeth and dental restorations has become a priority for patients and this aspect must not be ignored.

• Keywords: obojenja zuba
• Keywords (english): teeth color
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:127:171364
• Study programme: Title: dental medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine (doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2016-03-30 08:02:49