Akutna stanja u parodontologiji

master's thesis

• Author: Dorotea Jelić-Balta
• Mentor: Ana Badovinac (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Dental Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-06, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Dental Medicine

Abstract

Akutna stanja u parodontologiji su bolesti parodonta koje uzrokuju njegovu destrukciju, a karakterizira ih nagli početak, rapidna progresija i izrazita bol. Među ova stanja ubrajamo parodontni apsces, nekrotizirajuće bolesti i endo-paro lezije. Glavni uzročnik nastanka ovih bolesti su anaerobne bakterije iz roda Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Treponema i Actinobacillus. Uz bakterije bitnu ulogu u razvoju bolesti imaju i predisponirajući faktori, npr. stres, pušenje i loša oralna higijena.
Parodontni apsces je lokalizirana i ograničena nakupina gnoja unutar gingivnog zida. Očituje se kao okrugla izbočina gingive, a klinički je vidljiva eksudacija gnoja.
Nekrotizirajuće bolesti obuhvaćaju nekrotizirajući gingivitis, parodontitis i stomatitis. Nekrotizirajući gingivitis dovodi do destrukcije gingive u području interdentalnih papila. Kod nekrotizirajućeg parodontitisa destrukcija dovodi do gubitka pričvrstka. Nekrotizirajući stomatitis označava proširenje destrukcije na sluznicu jezika, nepca i obraza.
Endodontsko parodontne lezije rezultat su patološke komunikacije između pulpe i parodontnog džepa što rezultira nastankom defekata kosti, gubitak pričvrstka i nekroze pulpe.
Terapija se odnosi na zbrinjavanje akutnog stanja i kontrole boli. Nakon smirivanja akutnog stanja potrebno je napraviti adekvatnu parodontološku i endodontsku terapiju, ovisno o stanju. U slučaju postojanja sistemskih simptoma pacijentu se propisuje i primjena antibiotika.

Abstract (english)

Acute conditions in periodontology are diseases of the periodontium that cause its destruction, and are characterized by sudden onset, rapid progression and severe pain. These conditions include periodontal abscess, necrotizing diseases and endo-perio lesions. The main cause of these diseases are anaerobic bacteria from the genera Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Treponema and Actinobacillus. In addition to bacteria, predisposing factors such as stress, smoking and poor oral hygiene also play an important role in the development of the disease.
A periodontal abscess is a localized and limited accumulation of pus within the gingival wall. It manifests itself as a round protrusion of the gingiva, and the exudation of pus is clinically visible.
Necrotizing diseases include necrotizing gingivitis, periodontitis and stomatitis. Necrotizing gingivitis leads to the destruction of the gingiva in the area of the interdental papillae. In necrotizing periodontitis, the destruction leads to the loss of attachment. Necrotizing stomatitis means the extension of destruction to the mucous membrane of the tongue, palate and cheeks.
Endodontic periodontal lesions are the result of pathological communication between the pulp and the periodontal pocket, which results in the formation of bone defects, loss of attachment and necrosis of the pulp.
Therapy works towards the treatment of the acute condition and pain control. After the acute condition subsides, it is necessary to perform adequate periodontal and endodontic therapy, depending on the condition. In case of systemic symptoms, the patient is prescribed antibiotics.

• Keywords: akutna stanja; parodontni apsces; nekrotizirajuće bolesti; endodontsko parodontne lezije
• Keywords (english): acute conditions; periodontal abscess; necrotizing diseases; endodontic periodontal lesions
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:127:246235
• Study programme: Title: dental medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine (doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-06-02 20:00:30