| Abstract | Hipovitaminoze su stanja nastala zbog nedostatka određenih vitamina, što može imati ozbiljne posljedice na opće zdravlje, uključujući i oralno zdravlje. Manjak vitamina najčešće nastaje zbog njihova nedovoljnog unosa prehranom, apsorpcijskih poremećaja ili povećanih potreba organizma. U kontekstu oralnog zdravlja određeni vitamini igraju ključnu ulogu u održavanju zdravlja parodonta, zuba i oralne sluznice. Vitamini B-kompleksa ključni su za keratinizaciju tkiva, a njihov nedostatak može dovesti do nastanka ulceracija i upale oralne sluznice te parestezija u području usne šupljine. Vitamin A je također važan za zdravlje sluznice usta jer pomaže u održavanju epitelnih stanica. Njegov nedostatak može uzrokovati pojačanu keratinizaciju sluznice, hipoplaziju cakline te slabiju strukturu zuba. Vitamin C važan je za zdravlje desni jer doprinosi sintezi kolagena, proteina ključnog za zdravlje parodontnih tkiva. Nedostatak ovog vitamina može dovesti do krvarenja desni i nastanka gingivitisa. Vitamin D igra ključnu ulogu u metabolizmu kalcija i fosfora, minerala važnih za čvrstoću zuba, pa njegov manjak može uzrokovati smanjenje mineralizacije i veći rizik od parodontitisa i osteoporoze čeljusti. Mineral željezo također je važan u održavanju oralnog zdravlja. Prehrana bogata vitaminima može značajno doprinijeti očuvanju oralnog zdravlja i prevenciji problema povezanih s hipovitaminozom. Doktor dentalne medicine može biti prvi koji će posumnjati u manjak mikronutrijenata te uputiti pacijenta na obradu i suplementaciju. Rješavanjem nedostatka vitamina suplementacijom i prilagođenom stomatološkom njegom naglašavamo važnost zdrave i raznolike prehrane za opću dobrobit i dobrobit stomatognatog sustava, i to zajedničkom suradnjom pacijenata i doktora dentalne medicine za postizanje optimalnih zdravstvenih ishoda. |
| Abstract (english) | Hypovitaminoses are conditions caused by a deficiency of certain vitamins, which can have serious consequences on general health, including oral health. Vitamin deficiencies most commonly arise due to insufficient intake through diet, absorption disorders, or increased needs of our organism. There are certain vitamins which, in the context of oral health, play a key role in maintaining the health of the periodontium, teeth, and oral mucosa. B-complex vitamins are crucial for tissue keratinization, and their deficiency can lead to the development of ulcerations and inflammation of the oral mucosa, as well as paresthesia in the oral cavity. Vitamin A is also important for the health of the oral mucosa as it helps maintain epithelial cells. Its deficiency can cause increased keratinization of the mucosa, enamel hypoplasia, and weaker tooth structure. Vitamin C is important for gum health because it contributes to collagen synthesis, a protein essential for the health of periodontal tissues. Deficiency of this vitamin can lead to gum bleeding and the development of gingivitis. Moreover, vitamin D plays a crucial role in calcium and phosphorus metabolism, minerals essential for tooth strength, so its deficiency can cause reduced mineralization and a higher risk of periodontitis and jaw osteoporosis. Another mineral which is important for maintaining oral health along with calcium is iron. A diet rich in vitamins can significantly contribute to preserving oral health and preventing problems related to hypovitaminosis. A dental medicine doctor can be the first to suspect a micronutrient deficiency and recommend to the patient to run tests and to use food supplements. By addressing vitamin deficiencies through supplementation and tailored dental care, we emphasize the importance of a healthy and varied diet for overall well-being and the health of the stomatognathic system, achieved through collaboration between patients and dental practitioners for optimal health outcomes. |
