Prevencija infekcije s virusima hepatitisa u stomatološkoj ordinaciji

master's thesis

• Author: David Pokrajac
• Mentor: Branko Troskot (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Dental Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2006, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Dental Medicine

Abstract

U radu su navedene biološke i epidemiološke karakteristike glavnih virusa (HAV, HBV, HCV, HDV, HEV, HGV), koji izazivaju upalne promjene tkiva jetre i odgovarajuću kliničku sliku, nerjetko sa ekstrahepatalnim manifestacijama. Reakcija se očituje upalom, te podražajem celularne i humoralne imunosti. Infekcija je u dijelu populacije stalno prisutna i zbog toga predstavlja trajnu opasnost kako za razvoj kronične jetrene insuficijencije u nosioca virusa tako i za pojedinca u neposrednom kontaktu i u određenim situacijama na kojeg se virusna infekcija može prenijeti raznim putevima prijenosa. Zaštita pacijenta, stomatologa i ostalih djelatnika postiže se općim i specifičnim mjerama. Opće mjere zaštite zahtijevaju provođenje dezinfekcije i sterilizacije, kao i primjenu potrošnog materijala za jednokratnu uporabu tijekom kliničkog pregleda ili dijagnostičko-terapijskog postupka. Specifične mjere zaštite nadopunjuju, ali ne isključuju opće mjere zaštite i posebne su u pojedinim segmentima stomatologije. U stomatologiji je dezinfekcija vrlo bitna jer postoji veliki broj sitnih instrumenata koji zbog svog sastava nisu predviđeni za steriliziranje.
Zaključno možemo reći da u svrhu sprječavanja prijenosa infekcija izazvanih virusima hepatitisa treba se pridržavati uobičajenih mjera zaštite od infekcija kao što je dezinfekcija i sterilizacija uz adekvatnu edukaciju medicinskog osoblja i samih pacjenata. Na raspolaganju su također i mjere pasivne i aktivne imunizacije od virusa A i B.

Abstract (english)

In this paper the biological and epidemiological characteristics of the main viruses (HAV, HBV, HCV, HDV, HEV, HGV), which cause inflammatory changes of liver tissue with the corresponding clinical features, often with extrahepatical manifestations. The reaction is manifested with an inflammation and irritation of the cellular and humoral imunity. The infection is continuously present in a part of the population and therefore represents a permanent danger for both the developement of chronic liver insufficiency in the virus carrier and an individual in direct contact and certain situations at whom the virus infection can be transfered by varius ways of transmission. The protection of patiens, stomatologists and staff is achieved by general and specific measures. The general measures of protection require desinfection and sterilization, as the application of expendable supplies for one-time usage during clinical examination or diagnostical-therapeutical procedure. The specific measures of protection complement but do not exclude the general protection measures and they are used in particular segments in stomatology. In stomatology disinfection is much more important than in some other medical fields because there is a great number of minute instruments which due to their constitutions are not predicted for sterilization. As a conclusion it could be said that with a purpose of preventing infections caused by hepatitis viruses it is necessary to adhere to the usual protection measures for infections, like disinfection and sterilization in addition to an adequate education of medical staff and patients. On disposal are also the measures of passive and active immunization from virus A and B.

• Keywords: hepatitis; stomatološki dezinficijensi; sterilizacija
• Keywords (english): Hepatitis; Dental Disinfectants; Sterilization
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:127:595106
• Study programme: Title: dental medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine (doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2024-05-24 09:39:42