Sadašnjost i budućnost lijekova protiv zgrušavanja krvi

master's thesis

• Title (english): The present and the future of anticoagulant drugs
• Author: Grgo Orlović
• Mentor: Krešimir Bašić (mentor)
• Committee member: Krešimir Bašić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Šutej (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Kristina Peroš (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Dental Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-07-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Dental Medicine

Abstract

Lijekovi protiv zgrušavanja krvi koriste se u medicini za prevenciju i liječenje stanja povezanih s nastankom krvnih ugrušaka. Oni nerijetko dovode do komplikacija koje mogu ugroziti pacijentov život. Ovi se lijekovi često upotrebljavaju kod duboke venske tromboze, plućne embolije, fibrilacije atrija i određenih srčanih poremećaja. Svoju funkciju ostvaruju interferirajući sa mehanizom zgrušavanja krvi, djelujući na inhibiciju nastanka određenih čimbenika ili ometajući njihovo djelovanje. Danas postoje brojni lijekovi koje možemo podijeliti na tri glavne skupine: antiagregacijski, antikoagulacijski i fibrinolitički lijekovi. Primjenjuju se oralno, injekcijski ili intravenski, ovisno o indikaciji. Neki od njih zahtijevaju praćenje razine u krvi, dok drugi, zbog svog predvidivog farmakološkog profila, ne zahtijevaju isto. Najteža nuspojava ovih lijekova je pojava krvarenja, zbog čega su i kontraindicirani kod
određenih pacijenata. Određeni pomaci postignuti su novijim lijekovima, no unatoč tome, znanost nastoji pronaći nove kojima bi uz jednostavniju primjenu smanjila štetne učinke ovih lijekova na najmanju moguću mjeru. Uočeno je kod faktora intrinzičnog puta zgrušavanja potencijalno rješenje u vidu interferiranja s fakotorima XI i XII. Trenutačno su u tijeku istraživanja ovih faktora koja obećavaju napredak u otkrivanju novih potencijalnih lijekova protiv zgrušavanja krvi.

Abstract (english)

Anticoagulants are used in medicine for prevention and treatment of conditions related to the formation of blood clots. Problems that occur with the formation of blood clots often lead to complications that can threaten the patient's life. These drugs are often used for deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, atrial fibrillation, and certain heart disorders. They function by interfering with the blood clotting mechanism, by inhibiting the formation of certain factors or hindering their action. Nowadays, there are numerous types of drugs that can be divided into three main groups: antiplatelet, anticoagulant, and fibrinolytic drugs. They are administered orally, by injection, or intravenously depending on the indication. Some of them require therapeutic drug monitoring, while others do not due to their predictable pharmacological profile. A severe side-effect of these drugs is bleeding, which is why they are contraindicated in certain patients. Despite the notable advances that have been made with the latest drugs, science is yet to find new ones that have simpler application while also reducing the harmful
side-effects. Among the factors of the intrinsic coagulation pathway, a potential solution has been observed by interfering with the factors XI and XII. Thus far, there is ongoing research into these promising factors that will allow progress with the development of new potential anticoagulant drugs.

• Keywords: lijekovi protiv zgrušavanja krvi; krvarenja; antiagregacijski lijekovi; antikoagulacijski lijekovi; fibrinolitički lijekovi; faktor XI; faktor XII
• Keywords (english): anticoagulant drugs; bleeding; antiplatelet drugs; fibrinolytic drugs; factor XI; factor XI
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:127:829544
• Study programme: Title: dental medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine (doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-07-06 18:47:35