Učestalost nepoželjnih reakcija na lateks

master's thesis

• Title (english): The incidence of unwanted reactions to latex
• Author: Dario Novak
• Mentor: Liborija Lugović Mihić (mentor)
• Committee member: Liborija Lugović Mihić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marin Vodanović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sanja Šegović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Dental Medicine; (Chair of Dermatovenerology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-09-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Dental Medicine

Abstract

Nepoželjne kožne reakcije na lateks javljaju se već dugi niz godina upravo zbog raširenosti proizvoda koji sadrže prirodne proteine lateksa. Zdravstveni djelatnici spadaju u rizičnu skupinu zbog svakodnevnog izlaganja alergenima lateksa, prije svega preko rukavica, ali i ostalih proizvoda (kateter itd.). Nepoželjne kožne reakcije na lateks javljaju se kao nealergijske (kontaktni iritativni dermatitisi) i alergijske promjene (tip I i tip IV), a klinička slika varira od kontaktne urtikarije, alergijskog kontaktnog dermatitisa pa do anafilaktičke reakcije. Dijagnoza tih reakcija postavlja se na osnovi detaljne anamneze, kliničke slike i dijagnostičkih testova (in vitro i in vivo). Obično se u slučajevima kada se kožnim testovima (prick i patch) ne može dokazati alergijska etiologija postavlja dijagnoza iritativnog kontaktnog dermatitisa. Najnoviji podaci istraživanja prevalencije alergijskih reakcija kod zdravstvenih djelatnika, u usporedbi s dostupnim podacima 20. stoljeća, pokazuju smanjenje prevalencije s 10-17 % na otprilike 9,7 % (tijekom posljednjih pet godina), što se može objasniti uvođenjem primarnih mjera prevencija koje obuhvaćaju veću kontrolu proizvodnje i prodaje rukavica od lateksa. Ostale primarne mjere prevencija kod zdravstvenog osoblja odnose se na korištenje rukavica bez pudera, hipoalergenih te „non-lateks“ rukavica. Dostupni podaci ukazuju na to kako primarne mjere prevencija nepoželjnih kožnih reakcija na lateks nisu dovoljne, te je potrebno uvesti i sekundarne mjere koje obuhvaćaju povećanje svijesti rizičnih skupina i edukaciju zdravstvenog osoblja.

Abstract (english)

Unwanted skin reactions to latex have been present for many years now, mainly because of the widespread use of various products which contain natural latex proteins. Medical professionals are the main risk group, because of their everyday exposure to latex allergens, primarily through gloves, but also other products (such as catheters etc.). Unwanted skin reactions to latex manifest themselves as nonallergic (irritative contact dermatitis) and allergic lesions (type I and type IV), and clinical features vary from contact urticaria, allergic contact dermatitis to anaphylactic reaction. The diagnosis of these reactions is being established based on the main detailed anamnesis, clinical features and diagnostic tests (in vitro and in vivo). Usually in cases in which it is not possible to prove allergic etiology through skin tests (such as prick and patch tests), irritative contact dermatitis is being diagnosed. The latest research data regarding the prevalence of allergic reactions in medical professionals, as compared with other available data from the 20th century, have shown a decrease in prevalence from 10-17% to around 9.7% (over the last 5 years), which can be explained through the implementation of primary prevention measures which include larger production and sale control of latex gloves. Other primary prevention measures that medical professionals can take, include the usage of powder-free latex gloves, as well as hypoallergenic and ‘non-latex’ gloves. Available data has shown that primary prevention measures for unwanted skin reactions to latex are not enough, since it is necessary to introduce secondary measures which include the raising awareness in risk groups as well as the education of medical professionals.

• Keywords: preosjetljivost na lateks; dermatitis; profesionalni
• Keywords (english): latex hypersensitivity; dermatitis; occupational
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:127:367927
• Study programme: Title: dental medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine (doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2016-11-02 12:50:42