Stomatološka skrb bolesnika na dijalizi

master's thesis

• Author: Petra Bubnjar
• Mentor: Ivana Škrinjar (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Dental Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-07-05, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Dental Medicine

Abstract

Kronična bubrežna bolest jedan je od vodećih globalnih javnozdravstvenih problema s visokom stopom mortaliteta. To je progresivna bolest koju karakterizira propadanje nefrona i smanjenje bubrežne funkcije. Sa sve većim porastom prevalencije kronične bubrežne bolesti, raste i broj bolesnika na dijalizi. Procjenjuje se da 90% oboljelih od kronične bubrežne bolesti ima promjene u usnoj šupljini. Promjene se javljaju na sluznici, žljezdanom tkivu, parodontnom ligamentu, gingivi i kosti. Oralna sluznica podložna je razvitku patoloških promjena, a najčešća promjena je bljedoća sluznice, dok je uremični stomatitis visoko specifičan za kroničnu bubrežnu bolest. Veliku važnost ima i dvosmjerna povezanost kronične bubrežne bolesti s parodontitisom. U završnom stadiju kronične bubrežne bolesti česta je pojava renalne osteodistrofije. Stomatološki zahvati kod bolesnika na dijalizi iziskuju posebnu skrb. Potrebno je saznati detaljnu anamnezu, posebice komorbiditete i lijekove koje bolesnik koristi. Vrlo je važno paziti na rizik od produljenog krvarenja te nefrotoksičnost lijekova. Potrebno je ukloniti sve potencijalne izvore upale u usnoj šupljini kako bi se spriječio nastanak sekundarne infekcije te slijediti protokol izvođenja stomatoloških zahvata specifično za bolesnike na dijalizi.

Abstract (english)

Chronic kidney disease is one of the leading global public health problems with a high mortality rate. It is a progressive disease which is characterized by deterioration of nephrons and decrease in renal function. With the increase in prevalence of chronic kidney disease, the number of patients undergoing hemodialysis also increases. It is estimated that 90% of patients suffering from chronic kidney disease have oral manifestations. Oral manifestations can be found on mucosal, glandular, periodontal, gingival and bone tissue. Oral mucosa is susceptible to pathological lesions, and the most common manifestation is mucosal pallor, while the most specific one is uremic stomatitis. Chronic kidney disease and periodontitis two-way connection is of great importance as well. Renal osteodystrophy is a common occurrence in end-stage renal disease. Dental procedures in patients undergoing hemodialysis require special care. It is necessary taking detailed history, especially patients’ comorbidities and therapy. It is of importance to be aware of the risk of prolonged bleeding and drug nephrotoxicity. All potential sources of infection have to be eliminated for the purpose of preventing development of secondary infections and the protocol for performing dental procedures specific for patients undergoing hemodialysis must be followed.

• Keywords: kronična bubrežna bolest; dijaliza; promjene u usnoj šupljini; specifična stomatološka skrb; oralne bolesti
• Keywords (english): chronic kidney disease; dialysis; oral manifestations; s pecific dental care; mouth diseases
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:127:589528
• Study programme: Title: dental medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine (doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-06-29 13:06:47