| Abstract | Ciste predstavljaju patološke šupljine, ispunjene cističnim sadržajem, koje sadrže epitelnu i vezivnu ovojnicu. Ovisno o podrijetlu epitela razlikuju se odontogene i neodontogene ciste. Kao što sam naziv kaže nedontogene ciste razvijaju se iz epitela neodontogena podrijetla, odnosno tkiva koje ne sudjeluje u razvoju zuba. Pojavnost im je rjeđa u odnosu na odontogene
ciste, ali je jednako važno njihovo poznavanje u svrhu donošenja ispravne dijagnoze te odabira prikladnog načina liječenja. Uglavnom pokazuju asimptomatski rast, stoga se često otkriju prilikom rutinskog pregleda. Još uvijek nije poznata točna etiologija iako postoje teorije koje su najbliže njenom objašnjenju. Liječenje je kirurško. Postojalo je nekoliko klasifikacija cista koje su se mijenjale tijekom vremena, a danas se koristi ona iz 2017. godine koju je objavila Svjetska zdravstvena organizacija. Prema toj klasifikaciji u neodontogene ciste spada samo nazopalatinalna cista. Šupljine čeljusti koje ne sadrže epitelnu ovojnicu, nazivaju se
pseudocistama. Toj skupini pripadaju statička koštana šupljina, idiopatska koštana šupljina te aneurizmatska koštana cista, iako se posljednja danas svrstava među gigantocelularne promjene zbog prisutnosti orijaških stanica. Budući da ih je radiološki teško razlikovati od ostalih cističnih i tumorskih tvorbi, konačna dijagnoza postavlja se na temelju patohistološkog nalaza. |
| Abstract (english) | Cysts represent pathological cavities, filled with cystic content, which contain an epithelial and connective lining. Depending on the origin of the epithelium, cysts can be either odontogenic or non-odontogenic. As evident from the name, non-odontogenic cysts develop from the epithelium of non-odontogenic origin, i.e., the tissue that does not partake in tooth development. Even though they are less common than odontogenic cysts, knowing their behavior and origin is equally important in order to determine a correct diagnosis and choose an appropriate treatment. In most cases, they indicate asymptomatic growth, which is why they are commonly found during routine check-ups. The exact etiology is still unclear, even though there are several theories that fairly accurately explain their cause. They are treated surgically. Over time, the
classification has changed, and today we use the classification system created by the World Health Organization in 2017. According to that classification, only the nasopalatine cyst belongs to the non-odontogenic cyst group. Jaw cavities, which do not have an epithelial lining, are called pseudocysts. The static bone cavity, the idiopathic bone cavity and the aneurysmatic bone cyst belong to the same group. However, the last one is currently classified as a gigantocellular change due to the presence of giant cells. Because it is difficult to radiologically differentiate them from other cystic and tumorous formations, the final diagnosis is made on the basis of pathohistological testing. |
