Uloga izvanstaničnih vezikula u onkogenezi tumora usne šupljine

master's thesis

• Title (english): The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Oncogenesis of Oral Cavity Tumors
• Author: Anđela Batur
• Mentor: Lovorka Grgurević (mentor)
• Committee member: Lovorka Grgurević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana Ivanišević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Škrinjar (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Dental Medicine; (Chair of Anatomy); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-30, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Dental Medicine

Abstract

Izvanstanične vezikule heterogene su grupe čestica okružene lipidnim dvoslojem. Dugo su vremena bile smatrane mehanizmom kojim se stanice rješavaju neželjenog ili neiskorištenog sadržaja. Zadnjih godina postale su predmet velikoga interesa brojnih znanstvenih disciplina. Većina stanica u tijelu izlučuje EV i mogu se pronaći u svim tjelesnim tekućinama. Ove su se
čestice pokazale kao jedan od ključnih mehanizama u međustaničnoj komunikaciji. Količina i razina aktivnosti nukleinskih kiselina i proteina koje pronalazimo u sadržaju vezikula regulira brojne fiziološke i patološke procese u tijelu. Najčešće korištene metode izolacije EV-a imaju prednosti i nedostatke poput količine i stupnja čistoće prikupljenog uzorka, ali i cijene, vremena
i zahtjevnosti izvođenja postupka. Oralni karcinom najčešći je maligni tumor glave i vrata. Kasna prezentacija simptoma, visoki stupanj imunosupresije i sklonost metastaziranju predstavljaju veliki problem u dijagnostici i liječenju ove bolesti. Istraživanja su pokazala kako EV imaju veliku ulogu u raznim procesima povezanim s rastom, razvojem i širenjem oralnog karcinoma. Maligne stanice i stanice u mikrookolini tumora izlučuju ove nanočestice kako bi potaknule i regulirale proliferaciju, invaziju, angiogenezu, imunosupresiju, nastanak metastaza te razvoj rezistencije na primijenjene lijekove. Dosadašnje informacije sugeriraju kako su EV
jedno od mogućih rješenja u boljem razumijevanju onkogeneze oralnog karcinoma, ali i praćenju progresije bolesti te primjeni terapija.

Abstract (english)

Extracellular vesicles are a heterogeneous group of particles surrounded by a lipid bilayer. For a long time, they were considered a mechanism by which cells get rid of unwanted or unused content. In recent years, however, they have become a major subject of numerous scientific disciplines’ interest. EVs are secreted by most cells in the body and can be found in all bodily fluids. These particles have proven to be one of the key mechanisms of intercellular communication. The amount and level of activity of nucleic acids and proteins that we find in the contents of vesicles regulate numerous physiological and pathological processes in the body. The most used EV isolation methods have advantages and disadvantages regarding the amount and degree of purity of the collected sample, but also the cost, time, and complexity
of the procedure. Oral cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the head and neck. The late presentation of symptoms, the high degree of immunosuppression, and the tendency to metastasize represent major problems in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Research has shown that EVs play a major role in various processes related to the growth, development, and spread of oral cancer. Malignant cells and cells of the tumor microenvironment secrete
these nanoparticles to stimulate and regulate proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, immunosuppression, the formation of metastases, and drug resistance development. The information collected so far suggests that EVs are one of the possible solutions for a better understanding of oral cancer oncogenesis, but also for monitoring the disease progression and
administration of therapy.

• Keywords: karcinogeneza; izvanstanične vezikule; oralne novotvorine
• Keywords (english): Carcinogenesis; Extracellular Vesicles; Mouth Neoplasms
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:127:220971
• Study programme: Title: dental medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine (doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2022-10-11 10:25:58