Primjena botulinum toksina i hijaluronske kiseline u dentalnoj medicini

master's thesis

• Title (english): Application of botulinum toxin and hyaluronic acid in dental medicine
• Author: Iva Mesarić
• Mentor: Ivica Pelivan (mentor)
• Committee member: Ivica Pelivan (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dragana Gabrić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Iva Alajbeg (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Dental Medicine; (Department of Removable Prosthodontics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-07-10, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Dental Medicine; Prosthetic Dentistry

Abstract

Početak 21. stoljeća ujedno obilježava i početak primjene botulinum toksina i hijaluronske
kiseline u dentalnoj medicini. Prve spoznaje započinju u 19. stoljeću. Justinius Kerner 1817.
godine prvi puta spominje botulinum toksin kao uzročnik bolesti botulizma, dok o prvim
spoznajama hijaluronske kiseline govori francuski znanstvenik Portes 1880. godine. Botulinum
toksin sintetiziraju gram-pozitivne anaerobne bakterije Clostridium botulinum. Sintetizira se kao
jednostruki polipeptidni lanac koji aplikacijom u ciljano tkivo inhibira oslobađanje acetilkolina iz
presinaptičkog završetka. Aplikacijom u mišić djeluje mjesecima uzrokujući smanjenje njegove
aktivnosti, tj. dovodeći do paralize. Osim toga, on ima i analgetički učinak inhibirajući otpuštanje
lokalnih nociceptivnih neuropeptida u osjetilnim živčanim završetcima. Iako postoji više
njegovih serotipova, najbolje su istraženi tip A (BTXA) i tip B (BTXB). Na tržištu dolazi kao
prah pohranjen u bočicama za jednokratnu primjenu. Nakon miješanja s fiziološkom otopinom
bez konzervansa spreman je za upotrebu. Osim botulinum toksina i hijaluronska kiselina
predstavlja ključnu molekulu u raznim medicinskim i kozmetičkim primjenama. HA prirodni je
polimer iz skupine glikozaminaglikana, koja se u ljudskom tijelu sintetizira pomoću hijaluronsintaza. Za terapijsku primjenu koristi se komercijalna HA proizvedena biotehnologijom u
optimalnim uvjetima za kulturu bakterija. Ima ulogu u smanjenju trenja u zglobovima,
održavanju procesa cijeljenja rana, reepitelizaciji te u regulaciji upalnog odgovora.

Abstract (english)

The beginning of the 21st century labels the beginning of the application of botulinum toxin and
hyaluronic acid in dental medicine. The first cognition began in the 19th century. Justinius Kerner
was the first who mentioned botulinum toxin, a disease of botulism, in 1817, while the first
findings of hyaluronic acid were made by the French scientist Portes in 1880. Botulinum toxin is
synthesized by gram-positive anaerobic bacteria Clostridium botulinum. It is synthesized as a
single polypeptide chain that is applied in the target tissue by inhibiting the release of
acetylcholine from the presynaptic terminus. By application in the muscles it performs a
reduction of their activities and in the end paralysis. In addition, it has an analgesic effect by
inhibiting the release of local nociceptive neuropeptides in sensory nerve endings.
Although there are several of its serotypes, serotype A (BTXA) and type B (BTXB) are the ones
best known. It ships on the market as a powder stored in disposable bottles. After mixing in
saline without preservatives, it is ready for use. In addition to botulinum toxin the hyaluronic acid
also presents itself as a key molecule in various medical and cosmetic applications. HA is a
natural polymer from the group of glycosaminaglycans, which is synthesized in the human body
using hyaluronic synthases. For the therapeutic purposes the commercial HA produced by
biotechnology in optimal conditions for bacterial culture is used. It plays a big role in reducing
friction in the joints, maintaining the wound healing process, reepitalization and regulating
inflammatory responses.

• Keywords: poremećaji temporomandibularnog zgloba; botulinum toksin; hijaluronska kiselina
• Keywords (english): Temporomandibular Joint Disorders; Botulinum Toxins; Hyluronic Acid
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:127:789264
• Study programme: Title: dental medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine (doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-01-20 11:50:59