Pigmentirane promjene u usnoj supljini

master's thesis

• Title (english): Pigmented lesions in the oral cavity
• Author: Lara Brezovec
• Mentor: Ana Andabak Rogulj (mentor)
• Committee member: Ana Andabak Rogulj (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Božana Lončar Brzak (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Savić Pavičin (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Dental Medicine; (Department of Oral Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-07-02, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Dental Medicine; Oral Medicine

Abstract

Pigmentacije sluznice usne šupljine čest su nalaz u kliničkoj praksi, a podrazumijevaju brojna stanja i lezije koje dovode do promjene boje tkiva. One se etiološki i morfološki razlikuju, nastaju kao posljedica taloženja endogenih i egzogenih pigmenata i mogu biti plave, smeđe i crne boje. Egzogena pigmentacija sluznice usne šupljine obično nastaje posredstvom amalgama, grafita, produkata duhanskoga dima, lijekova i kromogenih bakterija. Najčešća je pigmentacija sluznice amalgamska tetovaža koja nastaje akcidentalnom implantacijom amalgama u meko tkivo. Endogena pigmentacija sluznice usne šupljine najčešće se objašnjava prisutnošću pigmenta iz organizma kao što su hemoglobin, hemosiderin i melanin. U pigmentacije etiološki uzrokovane endogenim pigmentima ubrajamo melanotičku makulu, nevocelularni i plavi nevus, maligni melanom. Mnoge sistemske bolesti mogu uzrokovati pojavu pigmentacija na sluznici. Oralni maligni melanom javlja se vrlo rijetko, ali njegova je pojava vrlo opasna. Kao posljedica traume mogu nastati ekhimoze i petehije jer dolazi do ekstravazacije eritrocita u podsluznicu pa dolazi do nastanka svijetlocrvenih makula. Krvožilne lezije također možemo zamijetiti na sluznici usne šupljine, a dokazujemo ih testom vitropresije. Dijagnozu pigmentacija ne smatramo lakim zadatkom, ali učestalost i lokalizacija lezija mogu nam pomoći u lakšem postavljanju dijagnoze. Definitivna dijagnoza najčešće uključuje biopsiju i uzimanje patohistološkoga uzorka kako bismo razlikovali klinički slične lezije.

Abstract (english)

Pigmentation of the oral mucosa is a common finding in clinical practice, which includes numerous conditions and lesions that lead to a change in the color of the tissue. They are etiologically and morphologically different, resulting from deposition of endogenous and exogenous pigments and can be blue, brown or black. Exogenous pigmentation of the oral mucosa usually occurs through action of amalgam, graphite, tobacco smoke products, drugs, and chromogenic bacteria. The most common pigmentation of the mucous membrane is the amalgam tattoo created by accidental implantation of amalgam into the soft tissue. The endogenous pigmentation of the oral mucosa is most often explained by the presence of pigments from the organism such as hemoglobin, hemosiderin and melanin. Pigmentation etiologically caused by endogenous pigments include melanotic macula, nevocellular and blue nevus, as well as malignant melanoma. Many systemic diseases can cause pigmentation of the mucous membrane. Oral malignant melanoma occurs very rarely, but its appearance is very dangerous. As a consequence of trauma, ecchymoses and petechiae may develop, as erythrocyte extravasation occurs in the submucosa, resulting in red-colored macula. Vascular lesions can also be noticed on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, in which case diascopy is used to confirm them. Pigmentation diagnosis is not an easy task to perform, but the frequency and localization of lesions facilitate the diagnostics. Definitive diagnosis most commonly involves biopsy and taking a pathohistological sample in order to distinguish between clinically similar lesions.

• Keywords: pigmentacije; sluznica usne šupljine
• Keywords (english): pigmentation; oral mucosa
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:127:039487
• Study programme: Title: Dental medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine (doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-11-07 12:22:18