| Abstract | Oralno je zdravlje bitan aspekt sveukupnog zdravlja čovjeka. Ono je podložno mijenjanju tijekom života pacijenta, a jedno od stanja koje može dovesti do alteracije oralnog zdravlja jest trudnoća. U trudnoći dolazi do značajnih hormonalnih promjena,
psihičkih promjena, imunoloških promjena i promjena u multiplim organskim sustavima. Hormonalne i imunološke promjene zajedno s promjenama u prehrambenim navikama mogu uzrokovati promjene u usnoj šupljini te narušiti oralno zdravlje. Najčešće oralne promjene u trudnica jesu trudnički gingivitis, parodontitis, erozije cakline, karijes, obični pemphigus i Behçetova bolest. Izraženost simptoma ovih bolesti može interferirati s funkcijama usne šupljine te u trudnica ove bolesti mogu izazivati
značajnu bol, emocionalni stres i nelagodu. Bol, emocionalni stres, nelagoda, anksioznost, pretjerana pomičnost zuba, osjetljivost zuba, neugodan zadah i podvrgavanje terapijskom tretmanu samo su neki od čimbenika koji mogu narušiti kvalitetu života trudne pacijentice. Izraženost promjene percepcije kvalitete života ovisi o stupnju obrazovanja pacijentice, pripadnosti socioekonomskoj klasi, postojanju sistemnih bolesti, rasi, dostupnosti stomatološke skrbi te o vlastitom poimanju oralnog zdravlja i njegove važnosti. Pojam koji se u znanstvenim krugovima koristi za opis utjecaja oralnog zdravlja na kvalitetu života je Oral Health Related Quality of Life, a sam se učinak najčešće ispituje pomoću Oral Healt Impact Profile upitnika koji može sadržavati 14 ili 49 pitanja. Multiplim je istraživanjima dokazano kako oralne promjene u trudnoći mogu utjecati na kvalitetu života te je istaknuta važnost aktivnog sudjelovanja liječnika dentalne medicine u terapiji trudnica. |
| Abstract (english) | Oral health is an important aspect of a person's overall health. It is subject to change during the patient's life, and one of the conditions that can lead to alteration of oral health is pregnancy. During pregnancy, there are significant hormonal changes,
psychological changes, immunological changes and changes in multiple organ systems. Hormonal and immune changes together with changes in eating habits can cause changes in the oral cavity and impair oral health. The most common oral changes in pregnant women are pregnancy gingivitis, periodontitis, enamel erosion, caries, pemphigus vulgaris and Behçets disease. The severity of the symptoms of these diseases can interfere with the functions of the oral cavity and can cause significant pain, emotional stress and discomfort in pregnant women. Pain, emotional stress, discomfort, anxiety, excessive tooth movement, tooth sensitivity, bad breath, undergoing therapeutic treatment are just some of the factors that can impair the quality of life of a pregnant patient. The severity of the change in the perception of the quality of life depends on the patient's level of education, belonging to the socioeconomic class, the existence of systemic diseases, race, the availability of dental care, and on their own perception of oral health and its importance. The term used in scientific circles to
describe the impact of oral health on the quality of life is Oral Health Related Quality of Life, and the effect itself is most often examined using the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire, which can contain 14 or 49 questions. Multiple studies have proven that oral changes during pregnancy can affect the quality of life, and the importance of the active participation of dental medicine doctors in the therapy of pregnant women has been highlighted. |
