Nove tehnologije u dentalnoj protetici

master's thesis

• Title (english): New Technologies in Dental Prosthetics
• Author: Miroslav Barišić
• Mentor: Ketij Mehulić (mentor)
• Committee member: Ketij Mehulić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dubravka Knezović-Zlatarić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lana Bergman (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Dental Medicine; (Department of Fixed Prosthodontics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-09-27, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Dental Medicine; Prosthetic Dentistry

Abstract

Razvoj računalne tehnologije podigao je dentalnu medicinu na novu razinu
funkcioniranja. Razvojem CAD/CAM sustava počeli su se upotrebljavati novi materijali za
strojnu obradu poput oksidnih keramika, glinične keramike i staklokeramike.
CAD/CAM sustavi imaju tri osnovne jedinice: skener, računalo s primjerenim
softverom te stroj za glodanje. Postupak počinje snimanjem usne šupljine intraoralnom 3D
kamerom ili uzimanjem otiska konvencionalnom tehnikom pa snimanjem radnog modela.
Računalo na monitoru očitava podatke iz kamere, koje je potom moguće virtualno obraditi.
Stroj za glodanje, zatim, na principu suptrakcije iz bloka pripremljenog materijala, oblikuje
nadomjestak po zadanim parametrima. Blokovi za glodanje mogu biti presinterirani ili
sinterirani. Presinterirane blokove potrebno je predimenzionirati, ali ne izazivaju napetost u
strukturi nadomjeska.
Alternativno, nadomjestak je moguće izraditi adicijskom metodom, 3D printanjem.
Stroj obrađuje mješavinu praška i tekućine u slojevima i pomoću potpore gelastog materijala
iz njih oblikuje nadomjestak. Adicijskom metodom ne mogu se obrađivati keramike.
Materijali koji se mogu obrađivati strojno su kobaltove krom legure, titan i njegove
legure, polimeri, keramike i voskovi. Staklokeramički nadomjesci pogodni su za prednji
segment zubnog luka zbog translucencije slične onoj prirodnim zubima. Oksidne keramike
odlikuju se biokompatibilnošću, otpornošću na trošenje i estetikom. Njihova dobra mehanička
svojstva proizlaze iz malog udjela staklene faze i velikog udjela kristala. Cirkonij oksidna
keramika prvi je potpuno keramički sustav iz kojeg se mogu izrađivati veći protetski radovi i
sanirati lateralni segmenti zubnog niza.

Abstract (english)

The development of computer technology has raised the dental medicine to a new
level of functioning. With the development of the CAD/CAM systems, the usage of new
materials for milling processes such as oxide ceramics, alumina ceramics and glass-ceramics
had begun.
CAD/CAM systems have three basic units - a scanner, a computer with an
appropriate software, and a machine for milling. The procedure begins by scanning the mouth
with an intraoral 3D camera, or by making dental impressions with the conventional
technique and scanning the working model. A computer monitor reads the data from the
camera, which can then be virtually processed. The machine for milling then uses the
principle of subtraction to form a restoration from a block of the material by the given
parameters. Blocks for milling can be presintered or sintered. Presintered blocks need to be
oversized but do not cause tension in the structure of the restoration.
Alternatively, restoration can be made with an addition method, 3D printing. The
machine processes the mixture of powder and liquid in layers and, by using the gel material as
a support, forms the restoration. The addition method cannot process ceramics.
Materials that can be processed by machine are cobalt-chromium alloys, titanium
and its alloys, polymers, ceramics and waxes. Glass-ceramic restorations are suitable for the
front segment of the dental arch because of translucency similar to natural teeth. Oxide
ceramics are praised for their biocompatibility, wear resistance and aesthetics. Their good
mechanical performance is a result of a low share of glass phase, and the large proportion of
crystals. Zirconium oxide ceramics are the first all-ceramic material which can be used to
rehabilitate the lateral segments of the dental arch, and to create bigger restorations.

• Keywords: stomatološki materijali; računalom vođeno oblikovanje
• Keywords (english): dental materials; computer-aided design
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:127:874077
• Study programme: Title: dental medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine (doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2016-11-22 14:13:56