Pušenje i parodontne bolesti

master's thesis

• Author: Tina Poklepović
• Mentor: Darije Plančak (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Dental Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2005, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Dental Medicine; Periodontology

Abstract

Parodontna je bolest kronična multifaktorska bolest. Brojna istraživanja dokazala su da je pušenje jedan od najvažnijih rizičnih faktora za nastanak i razvoj bolesti. Efekt pušenja na parodontna tkiva je kumulativan, a to znači da ovisi o količini popušenih cigareta i vremenu konzumiranja. U brojnim istraživanjima dokazano je da pušači imaju više dubokih parodontnih džepova, veći gubitak pričvrstka i gubitak alveolne kosti te veći gubitak zuba. Osim toga, kod pušača nalazimo i veću količinu kamenca. Budući je kamenac jedan od glavnih uzroka za nastanak parodontne bolesti, veća je i vjerojatnost razvoja parodontne bolesti. Istraživanja pokazuju da pušači imaju više bakterijskih vrsta koje izazivaju parodontitis, nego nepušači. Količina plaka jednaka je kod pušača i nepušača međutim gingiva pušača manje je upaljena i prilikom sondiranja manje krvari od nepušača.Upravo to što gingiva ne krvari,može dovesti do pogreške u prepoznavanju parodontne bolesti kod pušača. Zbog negativnog utjecaja nikotina na mehanizme cijeljenja, pušači slabije i sporije odgovaraju na parodontnu terapiju. Prestanak pušenja, osim što povoljno utječe na cjelokupno čovjekovo zdravlje, drastično ublažava posljedice na parodontnim strukturama, utječe na tijek i krajnji rezultat parodontne terapije pa tako i na samu prognozu. Bivši pušači u svome parodontološkom statusu i odgovoru na terapiju nalikuju nepušačima, neovisno o vremenu nepušenja.

Abstract (english)

Periodontal disease is a chronic multi-factorial disease. Many studies evident that tobacco smoking is one of the most significant risk factors associated with the development and progression of such disease. The effect of tobacco smoking on periodontal tissues is cumulative, meaning that it depends on the number of cigarettes smoked daily and the duration of the habit. In the course of many research studies, the results also show that smokers have more sites with deep periodontal pockets, they more often suffer from loss of alveolar bone high and loss of clinical attachment, as well as loss of teeth in general. Beside that, smokers have larger amount off accumulated dental tartar. Since tartar is one of the major reasons for development of periodontal disease, the probability of having advanced periodontal disease is a greater. In addition, researches point out that cigarette smokers comparing to non-smokers harbor larger amount of virulent bacteria types causing periodontitis. The level of plaque in smokers is equal as non-smokers, but smokers show less gingival inflamatory change and bleeding on probing was less evident. The major clinical implication of these findings is that the masking of gingival bleeding in smokers may lead to a failure to recognize the presence of periodontal disease. Due to negative influence of nicotine on the treatment mecanisms, smokers have slower response and less effect on periodontal tissue therapy. Smoking cessation, beside that favorably influence overall human health, drastically mitigates, effects on periodontal structures, positively affects the process and the end result of periodontal therapy, as well as diagnosis itself. With respect to their periodontal status, former smokers response to a therapy is alike response of never-smokers regardless duration of the habit.

• Keywords: parodontne bolesti; pušenje
• Keywords (english): Periodontal Diseases; Smoking
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:127:499842
• Study programme: Title: dental medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine (doktor/doktorica dentalne medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2024-05-24 09:28:28